Nepal Adaptation & Mitigation

Table of Contents

Adaptation

Agricultural Background Information

Net Rice Importer:

  • Exports in 2020: $70.8K
  • Imports in 2020: $331M

% of rice consumption in Trade Year 2020/20211USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS).:

  • From domestic production: 75%
  • From imports: 25%

Major Agriculture/Food Exports in 20202Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). Note: “Major exports” account for those over 3% of total exports.:

  • Soybean Oil (22.6%)
  • Nutmeg, mace, and cardamoms (5.54%)
  • Palm Oil (5.14%)
  • Tea (3.79%)
  • Flavored Water (3.08%)

Major Crops Produced3Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FNCCI).:

  • Cash Crops: oilseed, potato, tobacco, sugarcane, jute, cotton, and rubber
  • Cereal Crops: paddy, maize, millet, wheat, barley, and buckwheat

WB/ADB Climate Risk Profile
Nepal’s Current NDC

Key for Adaptation Charts

The indicators in the adaptation charts are marked in the rightmost five columns according to the following key.

  • Discussion (Yellow): Topic is mentioned in general.
  • Detail (Red): Topic is discussed in greater detail than just a nominal mention.
  • Quantifiability (Purple): Targets are quantifiable.
  • Technology (Blue): Technology needs are discussed.
  • Finance (Green): Budget or specific funding plans are mentioned.

Adaptation NDCs

The following charts show which elements are present in Nepal’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for adaptation. Data is collected from the NDC submitted to the UNFCCC (linked above).

Last updated August 2022.

NDCs: Agriculture, Food, Land Use

NDCs: Agricultural Development

NDCs: Livestock/Fisheries

National Adaptation Policy

The following charts show which elements are present in Nepal’s national adaptation policy.

Last updated August 2022.

National Adaptation Policy: Agriculture, Food, Land Use

National Adaptation Policy: Agricultural Development

National Adaptation Policy: Livestock/Fisheries

Adaptation Policies

  • National Adaptation Plan (NAP) 2021-2050
    • PDF
    • NAP Process Report (2018)
  • National Adaptation Programme of Action (NAPA) (2010)
  • Climate Change Adaptation and Disaster Risk Management in Agriculture (2011-2020)
  • National Framework on Local Adaptation Plans for Action (LAPAs) (2011)

Mitigation

Mitigation Overview

Forest Cover Target by 2030: 45%
Renewable Energy Share Target: 15% by 2030
Net Zero Target Year: N/A (NDC); 2045 (COP26)
Mitigation Finance Needed: 25 billion USD4Not specified how much of this finance needs to come from international sources.
Climate Action Tracker Rating: Almost Sufficient

Asia Pacific Energy Policy Profile

Emissions Targets

Key for Mitigation Charts

Indicators are marked in the right column according to the following key.

  • Green: Present in NDC/Policy.
  • Yellow: Partially present or under development.
  • Blank: Not present.
  • Red: Present but negative indicator.

Mitigation NDCs

The following charts show which elements are present in Nepal’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for mitigation. Data is collected from the NDC submitted to the UNFCCC (linked above).

Mitigation NDCs: General Overview and Scope

Mitigation NDCs: Energy/Forestry and Level of Ambition

National Mitigation NDCs and Policies

The following charts show the elements present in NDCs and policies combined. Some elements are only present in policies, while some elements are only present in NDCs.

National Mitigation NDCs and Policies: General Overview and Scope

Mitigation NDCs and Policies: Energy/Forestry and Level of Ambition

Mitigation Policies

General Mitigation Policies

  • National Climate Change Policy (2019)
  • Biomass Energy Strategy (2017)
  • National Urban Development Strategy (2017)
  • Renewable Energy Subsidy Policy (2016)
  • Forestry Sector Strategy 2016-2025 (2016)
  • Agriculture Development Strategy 2015-2035 (2015)
  • Industrial Policy (2011)
  • Rural Energy Policy (2006)
  • National Water Plan (2005)
  • Hydropower Development Policy (2001)
  • National Transport Policy (2001)

Mitigation Policies with Targets

  • National Water Plan (2005)

References

  • 1
    USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS).
  • 2
    Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). Note: “Major exports” account for those over 3% of total exports.
  • 3
    Federation of Nepalese Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FNCCI).
  • 4
    Not specified how much of this finance needs to come from international sources.