Thailand Adaptation & Mitigation

Table of Contents

Last updated Jan. 29, 2024.

Adaptation

Agricultural Background Information

Net Rice Exporter:

  • Exports in 2020: $3.88B
  • Imports in 2020: $22.3M

% of rice consumption in Market Year 2020/20211USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS):

  • From domestic production: 98.4%
  • From imports: 1.6%

Major Agriculture/Food Exports in 20202Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). Note: “Major exports” account for those over 1% of total exports.:

  • Rice (1.6%)
  • Rubber (1.5%)
  • Processed Fish (1.29%)
  • Other Fruits (1.18%)
  • Other Prepared Meat (1.1%)

Major Crops Produced3Statista.:

  • Sugarcane
  • Cassava
  • Shallot

WB/ADB Climate Risk Profile
Thailand’s Current NDC

Key for Adaptation Charts

The indicators in the adaptation charts are marked in the rightmost five columns according to the following key.

  • Discussion (Yellow): Topic is mentioned in general.
  • Detail (Red): Topic is discussed in greater detail than just a nominal mention.
  • Quantifiability (Purple): Targets are quantifiable.
  • Technology (Blue): Technology needs are discussed.
  • Finance (Green): Budget or specific funding plans are mentioned.

Adaptation NDCs

The following charts show which elements are present in Thailand’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for adaptation. Data is collected from the NDC submitted to the UNFCCC (linked above).

Last updated August 2022.

NDCs: Agriculture, Food, Land Use

NDCs: Agricultural Development

NDCs: Livestock/Fisheries

National Adaptation Policy

The following charts show which elements are present in Thailand’s national adaptation policy.

Last updated August 2022.

National Adaptation Policy: Agriculture, Food, Land Use

National Adaptation Policy: Agricultural Development

National Adaptation Policy: Livestock/Fisheries

Adaptation Policies

Mitigation

Mitigation Overview

Forest Cover Target by 2030: N/A
Renewable Energy Share Target: 30% by 2036 (AEDP); the proportion of renewable energy in the final energy consumption increases by no less than 24% by 2027 (13th National Economic and Social Development Plan)
Net Zero Target Year: carbon neutral by 2050; net zero GHG by 2065 (2022 NDC)
International Support Needed: Not Stated
Climate Action Tracker Rating: Critically Insufficient

Asia Pacific Energy Policy Profile

Emissions Targets

Thailand submitted a new NDC in 2022, updated from its previous one in 2020, but the targets remained the same.

Key for Mitigation Charts

Indicators are marked in the right column according to the following key.

  • Green: Present in NDC/Policy.
  • Yellow: Partially present or under development.
  • Blank: Not present.
  • Red: Present but negative indicator.

Mitigation NDCs

The following charts show which elements are present in Thailand’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) for mitigation. Data is collected from the NDC submitted to the UNFCCC (linked above).

Mitigation NDCs: General Overview and Scope

Mitigation NDCs: Energy/Forestry and Level of Ambition

National Mitigation NDCs and Policies

The following charts show the elements present in NDCs and policies combined. Some elements are only present in policies, while some elements are only present in NDCs.

National Mitigation NDCs and Policies: General Overview and Scope

Mitigation NDCs and Policies: Energy/Forestry and Level of Ambition

Mitigation Policies

Current Mitigation Policies

  • 13th National Economic and Social Development Plan 2023-2027
  • National Energy Plan Framework 2022
  • National Strategy 2018-2037 (2018)
  • Climate Change Master Plan (CCMP) 2015-2050 (2016)
  • Thailand Energy Efficiency Development Plan 2015-2036 (2015)
  • Thailand Power Development Plan 2015-2036 (2015)
  • Power Development Plan B.E. 2561-2580 (2018-2037)
  • Decree to establish a Greenhouse Gas Management Organization B.E. 2550 (2007)
  • Alternative Energy Development Plan 2018-2037 (2018)
  • Alternative Energy Development Plan 2015-2036 (2015)
  • Energy Efficiency Plan B.E. 2561-2580 (2018-2037)

Sector-Specific Mitigation Policies

  • Thailand Oil Plan 2015-2036 (2015)
  • Environmentally Sustainable Transport System Plan 2013-2030 (2013)
  • National Industrial Development Master Plan 2012-2031 (2012)

Outdated Mitigation Policies

  • Strategy for Climate Change in Agriculture 2017-2021 (2017)
  • The 12th National Economic and Social Development Plan 2017-2021 (2017)
  • Alternative Energy Development Plan 2012-2021 (2011)

Mitigation Policies with Targets

  • Energy Conservation Promotion Act B.E. 2535 and B.E. 2550 (2019)
  • Thailand Power Development Plan 2015-2036 (2015)

References

  • 1
    USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS)
  • 2
    Observatory of Economic Complexity (OEC). Note: “Major exports” account for those over 1% of total exports.
  • 3
    Statista.